Pehea e koho ai i nā mea palaki maikaʻi loa no ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka plastik
He mea paʻakikī ke koho ʻana i ka plastik kūpono no ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ʻana o ka plastic—he mau kaukani mau koho i ka mākeke kahi e koho ai, ʻaʻole e holo ka nui o ia mau mea no kahi pahuhopu i hāʻawi ʻia. ʻO ka mea pōmaikaʻi, ʻo ka ʻike hohonu ʻana i nā waiwai waiwai i makemake ʻia a me ka noi i manaʻo ʻia e kōkua i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka papa inoa o nā koho i hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia. I ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i ka noi, pono e hoʻomanaʻo i kēia mau nīnau:
Ma hea e hoʻohana ʻia ai ka ʻāpana?
Pehea ka lōʻihi o kona ola hana?
He aha nā pilikia e pili ana i ka noi?
He kuleana ko ka aesthetics, a he mea nui paha ka hana?
He aha nā palena kālā ma ka noi?
Pēlā nō, pono nā nīnau ma lalo i ka hoʻoholo ʻana i nā waiwai waiwai i makemake ʻia:
He aha nā hiʻohiʻona mechanical a me kemika e pono ai mai ka plastic?
Pehea ka hana ʻana o ka plastic i ka wā e hoʻomehana ai a hoʻoluʻu (ʻo ia hoʻi, ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka wela a me ka emi ʻana, ka pae wela hoʻoheheʻe, ka wela hoʻohaʻahaʻa)?
He aha nā pilina o ka plastic me ka ea, nā plastics ʻē aʻe, nā kemika, a pēlā aku?
Aia ma lalo kahi papa o ka plastic injection molding maʻamau, kēlā me kēia me kāna mau pono ponoʻī a me nā noi ʻoihana maʻamau:
Material
Noi Hana Hana Nui
pono
Polypropylene (PP)
huakūʻai
Kūleʻa kemika, pale i ka hopena, pale wela, paʻa
Mea Pono no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻoihana maʻamau
Polypropylene (PP)
huakūʻai
Kūleʻa kemika, kūpaʻa i ka hopena, kū i ke anu, a paʻa
ʻO Polystyrene
huakūʻai
Paʻa i ka hopena, pale i ka wai, hiki ke maʻalahi
Kahelani (PE)
huakūʻai
Leach kū'ē, recyclable, maʻalahi
Polystyrene Impact Kiʻekiʻe (HIPS)
huakūʻai
Maikaʻi, hana maʻalahi, waihoʻoluʻu, hiki ke hana
ʻO Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)
huakūʻai
Paʻa, pale i ka hopena, pale ahi, insulative
Acrylic (PMMA, Plexiglass, etc.)
hana 'enekinia,
Impregnable (aniani, fiberglass, etc.), pale wela, pale luhi
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS)
hana 'enekinia,
Paʻa, pale wela, waihoʻoluʻu, palekana kemika
Polycarbonate (PC)
hana 'enekinia,
Paʻa i ka hopena, ʻike maopopo, kūpaʻa i ka mahana, kūpaʻa keʻano
Nylon (PA)
hana 'enekinia,
Impregnable (aniani, fiberglass, etc.), pale wela, pale luhi
Polyurethane (TPU)
hana 'enekinia,
Kūleʻa anu, kū i ka abrasion, paʻa, ikaika tensile maikaʻi
Polyetherimide (PEI)
Auana
ʻO ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe, kiʻekiʻe rigidity, dimensional stable, pale wela
Polyether Ether Ketone (PEEK)
Auana
Paʻa wela, pale ahi, ikaika kiʻekiʻe, paʻa keʻano
Polyphenylene Sulfide (PPS)
Auana
ʻO nā kūʻē holoʻokoʻa maikaʻi loa, pale ʻana i ke ahi, kūpaʻa kaiapuni paʻakikī
ʻO Thermoplastics ka koho i makemake ʻia no ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana. No nā kumu he nui e like me ka recyclability a me ka maʻalahi o ka hana. No laila ma kahi e hiki ai ke hoʻopili ʻia kahi huahana me ka thermoplastic, e hele i kēlā. ʻO nā huahana hikiwawe kiʻekiʻe no ka lōʻihi e pono ai ka pono no nā elastomers thermoset. I kēia lā, loaʻa iā ʻoe ke koho o nā elastomers thermoplastic. No laila e maʻalahi loa kāu ʻāpana ʻaʻole e wehe i ke koho o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā thermoplastics. Aia kekahi mau māka like ʻole o nā TPE mai ka papa meaʻai a i nā TPE hana kiʻekiʻe.
Hoʻohana ʻia nā plastic i nā huahana mea kūʻai aku i kēlā me kēia lā. ʻO nā laʻana, ʻo nā kīʻaha kofe polystyrene, nā kīʻaha lawe lawe polypropylene, a me nā pāpale ʻōmole polyethylene kiʻekiʻe. He ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi a ʻoi aku ka loaʻa. Hoʻohana ʻia nā plastics ʻenekinia, e like me ka inoa, nā noi ʻenekinia. E loaʻa iā ʻoe i loko o nā hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo, nā uhi uhi, a me nā mea hana. ʻO nā laʻana he polyamides (Nylon), polycarbonate (PC), a me ka acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS). Hiki iā lākou ke pale i nā kūlana kaiapuni ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī. E kūpaʻa lākou i ka ukana a me nā mahana ma mua o ke ana wela. Hana maikaʻi nā plastics hana kiʻekiʻe ma lalo o nā kūlana kahi i hāʻule ʻole ai nā huahana a me nā plastics engineering. ʻO nā laʻana o nā plastics hana kiʻekiʻe he polyethylene ether ketone, polytetrafluoroethylene, a me polyphenylene sulfide. ʻIke pū ʻia ʻo PEEK, PTFE, a me PPS. Loaʻa iā lākou ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā noi kiʻekiʻe e like me ka aerospace, nā mea lapaʻau, a me nā mea hana. ʻOi aku ke kumukūʻai o ka hana kiʻekiʻe ma mua o kahi mea kūʻai a i ʻole nā plastika ʻenehana. ʻO nā waiwai o nā plastics e kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻoholo i ka mea kūpono i kahi noi. No ka laʻana, koi kekahi mau noi i nā mea ikaika akā māmā. No kēia, hoʻohālikelike ʻoe i ko lākou density a me ka ikaika tensile.
