Zofunikira pakupanga jekeseni wa pulasitiki wopangira gawo la pulasitiki

Zida zamapulasitiki zidalembetsa chitukuko chapadera pazaka 50 zapitazi, zomwe zimaposa zazinthu zina zilizonse zogula.

Panopa ku Western Europe, kuchuluka kwa kupanga pulasitiki zipangizo kuposa kupanga Zitsulo.

Kukula kwazakudya kumafotokozedwa makamaka ndi kuchuluka kwa zinthu za ogula, m'malo mwa mapulasitiki, zitsulo ndi magalasi ngati zida, zonyamula, zomangira, zamagetsi, ndi zina zambiri.

Ubwino woperekedwa ndi zida zapulasitiki poyerekeza ndi zida zina ndi izi:

• Iwo ndi opepuka motero amachepetsa ndalama zoyendera.
• Zimakhala zolimba ndipo nthawi zambiri zimakhala zamphamvu komanso zotetezeka.
• Akhoza kupangidwa mu miyandamiyanda ya akalumikidzidwa ndi ntchito.
• Iwo ali ndi makhalidwe abwino kwambiri monga matenthedwe, mamvekedwe ndi magetsi.
• Mutha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazakudya.

Pulasitiki imakhazikitsidwa pamiyezo ya DIN 7728 ndi DIN 16780 yosakanikirana ndi mapulasitiki.

Pulasitiki ndi zinthu zachilengedwe zomwe zimatchedwa ma polima, zomwe zimachokera ku Petroleum kapena Gasi Wachilengedwe, zomwe zimanyamula Carbon C, haidrojeni H, oxygen O ndi mamolekyu ena monga nayitrogeni N, chlorine CL, sulfure S kapena CO2. Pakalipano, 4% yokha yamafuta amasinthidwa kukhala zinthu zapulasitiki.

pulasitiki amachokera ku petroleum ndi matenthedwe distillation ndondomeko (kung'amba), momwe Ethylene, Propylene, Butylene ndi ma hydrocarbons ena amagawanika.

Macromolecules, kapena mapulasitiki, amapangidwa ndi unyinji wa mayunitsi osavuta, otchedwa monomers; pamene kuphatikiza kwa izi mothandizidwa ndi kuyanjana kwa mankhwala kumabweretsa ma polima.

Kodi ma polima ndi chiyani?

Ma polima amapangidwa ndi mgwirizano wa mazana masauzande a mamolekyu ang'onoang'ono otchedwa monometers omwe amapanga maunyolo osiyanasiyana.

Gulu Lapulasitiki:

• Mapulasitiki amagawidwa motsatira njira zosiyanasiyana, kutengera:
• Njira ya polymerization. (polymerization, polycondensation, polyaddition).
• Mapangidwe a polima. (crystallinity, superstructures).

Makhalidwe / katundu wa polima. (Zinthu, mapulasitiki aukadaulo, mapulasitiki apamwamba kwambiri).

Kutengera pamwambapa, mapulasitiki amagawidwa m'magulu:

• Thermoplastics. (Polyolefins, Vinyl kapena Acrylic Polymers, Polyamides, Polyesters, etc.)
• Thermostable.
• Elastomers.

Zomwe zimapangidwira zamakina a thermoplastic zimagwirizana ndi Degree of Polymerization, yomwe ndi kuchuluka komwe kumayesa kuchuluka kwa maulalo omwe amapanga unyolo wa maselo. M'malo mwake, kuchuluka kwa ma polymerization, kukwezeka kwamphamvu, kulimba kwamphamvu komanso kung'ambika, kulimba kwamphamvu, kulimba kwamphamvu kwambiri, kumapangitsanso kuchepa kwa kristalo, kuchepa kwa kutupa komanso ming'alu yocheperako. .

Pankhani ya Elastomeric ndi Thermoset zida, katundu wawo amapangidwa ndi Degree of Crosslinking, yomwe imayesa kuchuluka kwa mfundo zolumikizirana (kulumikizana pakati pa mamolekyu) mu polima. Kukwera kwapang'onopang'ono kumapangitsanso kukana kwa zinthuzo, kulimba kwake komanso kukana kwake kutentha.

Mapulasitiki ndi opepuka, amatha kuumbidwa mosavuta, amapereka zinthu zabwino kwambiri zakuthupi komanso zamakina, amatha kupangidwa mumitundu yosiyanasiyana, amatha kusakanikirana ndi mapulasitiki ena kapena ndi zinthu zakuthupi, amakhala ndi milingo yotsika kwambiri yamafuta ndi magetsi, amalimbana kwambiri ndi mankhwala, ndi permeable, ndi reusable ndi / kapena recyclable.

Kuti mudziwe zambiri za maziko a pulasitiki akamaumba jekeseni ndondomeko popanga gawo la pulasitiki, mutha kupita ku Djmolding pa https://www.djmolding.com/description-of-the-plastic-injection-molding-method-and-manufacturing-process-step-by-step/ chifukwa Dziwani zambiri.