Ungazikhetha Kanjani Izinto Zepulasitiki Ezinhle Kakhulu Zokubumba Umjovo Wepulasitiki
Ukukhetha ipulasitiki efanele yokubumba umjovo wepulasitiki kungaba nzima—kunezinkulungwane zezinketho emakethe ongakhetha kuzo, eziningi zazo ezingeke zisebenzele umgomo othile. Ngenhlanhla, ukuqonda okujulile kwezakhiwo zezinto ezibonakalayo ezifiselekayo kanye nesicelo esihlosiwe kuzosiza ukwehlisa uhlu lwezinketho ezingenzeka zibe okuthile okulawulekayo. Lapho ucubungula isicelo, kubalulekile ukukhumbula le mibuzo elandelayo:
Izosetshenziswa kuphi ingxenye?
Isebenza isikhathi eside kangakanani?
Yiziphi izingcindezi ezihilelekile esicelweni?
Ingabe ubuhle budlala indima, noma ingabe ukusebenza kubaluleke kakhulu?
Yiziphi izingqinamba zesabelomali esicelweni?
Ngokufanayo, imibuzo engezansi iwusizo lapho kunqunywa izakhiwo zezinto ezibonakalayo ezidingekayo:
Yiziphi izici zemishini nezamakhemikhali ezidingekayo kupulasitiki?
Ingabe ipulasitiki iziphatha kanjani lapho ifudumeza futhi ipholisa (okungukuthi, ukunwetshwa kwe-thermal kanye nokuncipha, izinga lokushisa elincibilikayo, izinga lokushisa lokuwohloka)?
Ikuphi ukusebenzisana ipulasitiki enakho nomoya, amanye amapulasitiki, amakhemikhali, njll.?
Kufakwe ngezansi itafula lamapulasitiki okubumba umjovo ajwayelekile, ngalinye linesethi yalo yezinzuzo kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezijwayelekile zomkhakha:
Material
Isicelo Semboni Esijwayelekile
Izinzuzo
I-Polypropylene (PP)
lezimpahla
Ikumelana namakhemikhali, imelana nokushayisana, imelana nokushisa, iqinile
Izinzuzo Zesicelo Semboni Yezinto Ezivamile
I-Polypropylene (PP)
lezimpahla
Imelana namakhemikhali, imelana nomthelela, imelana nokubanda, futhi iqinile
I-Polystyrene
lezimpahla
Ukumelana nomthelela, ukumelana nomswakama, kuyavumelana nezimo
I-Polyethylene (PE)
lezimpahla
Ukumelana nokuvuza, kuyasebenziseka kabusha, kuyavumelana nezimo
I-High Impact Polystyrene (HIPS)
lezimpahla
Ishibhile, yakheka kalula, inemibalabala, yenziwa ngendlela oyifisayo
IPolyvinyl Chloride (PVC)
lezimpahla
Iqinile, imelana nokushayisana, imelana nelangabi, ayivikeli ukushisa
I-Acrylic (PMMA, Plexiglass, njll)
Engineering
Akungeneki (ingilazi, i-fiberglass, njll.), ukumelana nokushisa, ukumelana nokukhathala
I-Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS)
Engineering
Iqinile, imelana nezinga lokushisa, inemibalabala, iphephile ngamakhemikhali
I-Polycarbonate (PC)
Engineering
Ukumelana nomthelela, kucace ngokusobala, ukumelana nezinga lokushisa, kuzinzile ngokwengxenye
Inayiloni (PA)
Engineering
Akungeneki (ingilazi, i-fiberglass, njll.), ukumelana nokushisa, ukumelana nokukhathala
I-Polyurethane (TPU)
Engineering
Ukumelana nokubanda, ukumelana nokuhuzuka, ukuqina, amandla okuhle okuqina
I-Polyetherimide (PEI)
Ukusebenza
Amandla aphezulu, ukuqina okuphezulu, ukuzinza ngokwengxenye, ukumelana nokushisa
I-Polyether Ether Ketone (PEEK)
Ukusebenza
Ikwazi ukumelana nokushisa, i-flame retardant, amandla aphezulu, izinzile ngokwengxenye
I-Polyphenylene Sulfidi (PPS)
Ukusebenza
Ukumelana okuhle kakhulu sekukonke, i-flame retardant, ukumelana nemvelo enokhahlo
I-Thermoplastics yiyona ndlela ekhethwayo yokubumba umjovo. Ngenxa yezizathu eziningi ezifana nokugaywa kabusha kanye nokucutshungulwa kalula. Ngakho-ke lapho umkhiqizo ungabunjwa ngomjovo usebenzisa i-thermoplastic, yenzela lokho. Imikhiqizo ephezulu eguquguqukayo isikhathi eside yenze isidingo sama-thermoset elastomers. Namuhla unenketho yama-thermoplastic elastomers. Ukuze ingxenye yakho idinga ukuguquguquka kakhulu ayisusi inketho yokusebenzisa i-thermoplastics. Kukhona futhi amabanga ahlukene we-TPE ukusuka ebangeni lokudla ukuya kuma-TPE asebenza kahle kakhulu.
Amapulasitiki ezimpahla asetshenziswa emikhiqizweni yansuku zonke yabathengi. Izibonelo izinkomishi zekhofi ze-polystyrene, izitsha ze-polypropylene takeaway, namakepisi ebhodlela e-polyethylene aqine kakhulu. Ashibhile futhi atholakala kakhulu. Amapulasitiki obunjiniyela asetshenziswa, njengoba negama lisho, izicelo zobunjiniyela. Uzowathola ezindlini zokugcina izithombo, kumashidi okufulela, nasezinsizeni. Izibonelo i-polyamides (Nylon), i-polycarbonate (PC), ne-acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS). Bangakwazi ukumelana nezimo zemvelo ezinzima. Zizomelana nomthwalo namazinga okushisa angaphezu kwamazinga okushisa egumbi. Amapulasitiki asebenza kahle kakhulu asebenza kahle ngaphansi kwezimo lapho impahla kanye namapulasitiki obunjiniyela ehluleka khona. Izibonelo zamapulasitiki asebenza kahle kakhulu i-polyethylene ether ketone, i-polytetrafluoroethylene, ne-polyphenylene sulfide. Yaziwa nangokuthi yi-PEEK, PTFE, ne-PPS. Bathola ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni eziphezulu ezifana ne-aerospace, izinsiza zezokwelapha, namagiya. Ukusebenza okuphezulu kubiza kakhulu kunempahla noma amapulasitiki wobunjiniyela. Izakhiwo zamapulasitiki zikusiza ukuthi unqume ukuthi yikuphi okufanela isicelo esithile. Isibonelo, ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza zidinga izinto eziqinile kodwa ezingasindi. Ngalokhu, uqhathanisa ukuminyana kwabo namandla okuqina.
