Yas txhaj tshuaj molding yog ib tug heev ntau yam thiab npaum txheej txheem uas tso cai rau manufacturers los tsim ib tug ntau yam ntawm cov khoom thiab cov khoom los ntawm melted yas resins. Raws li cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev nce qib hauv cov thev naus laus zis molding thiab kev tsim cov khoom siv, polymers thiab plastics tau muab tso rau hauv cov khoom lag luam thiab kev siv ntau zuj zus. Featuring lub teeb yuag zog, zoo nkauj txaus siab, thiab durability, plastics tau dhau los ua cov khoom nyiam rau kev lag luam xws li cov khoom siv rau cov khoom siv kho mob.

Muaj ntau ntau yam yas resins muaj nyob rau hauv kev ua lag luam, txhua yam uas muaj cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb uas ua rau nws muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov ntawv thov tshwj xeeb. Txhawm rau kom ntseeg tau tias qhov ua tau zoo, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum xaiv cov resin kom raug rau koj cov kev xav tau. Rau cov hom phiaj ntawm kev tsim cov yas, cov resin muaj cov yas los yog cov polymers hauv cov kua lossis cov khoom ib nrab uas tuaj yeem ua kom sov, yaj, thiab siv los ua cov khoom yas. Hauv kev txhaj tshuaj molding, lo lus cob yog hais txog cov khoom siv thermoplastic lossis cov khoom siv thermoset siv thaum lub sijhawm txhaj tshuaj molding.

Kev txiav txim siab rau xaiv Resin
Cov polymers tshiab thiab cov tebchaw tau raug qhia rau lub khw tsis tu ncua. Cov naj npawb ntawm cov kev xaiv tuaj yeem ua rau kev txhaj tshuaj molding cov ntaub ntawv xaiv qhov kev sib tw. Kev xaiv cov yas yas zoo yuav tsum muaj kev nkag siab zoo ntawm cov khoom kawg. Cov lus nug hauv qab no tuaj yeem pab koj txiav txim siab cov ntaub ntawv zoo tshaj plaws rau koj cov kev xav tau.

1. Lub hom phiaj ntawm qhov kawg yog dab tsi?
Thaum xaiv cov khoom tsim nyog rau koj daim ntawv thov, koj yuav tsum tau qhia meej txog qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm lub cev, suav nrog cov kev ntxhov siab, ib puag ncig, tshuaj lom neeg, thiab kev cia siab rau lub neej ntawm cov khoom.
* Qhov yuav tsum muaj zog npaum li cas?
* Puas yog qhov yuav tsum tau hloov pauv lossis nruj?
* Puas yog qhov yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv cov qib siab lossis qhov hnyav?
* Cov khoom puas yuav raug rau cov tshuaj lossis lwm yam khoom?
* Cov khoom puas yuav raug rau qhov kub thiab txias lossis ib puag ncig hnyav?
* Lub neej expectancy yog dab tsi?

2. Puas muaj kev xav txog kev zoo nkauj tshwj xeeb?
Kev xaiv cov khoom tsim nyog suav nrog kev nrhiav cov khoom siv uas tuaj yeem pom cov xim, pob tshab, kev ntxhib los mos, thiab kev kho saum npoo koj xav tau. Thaum xaiv koj cov resin, xav seb nws puas yuav ua tau raws li koj cov khoom xav pom thiab kev ua haujlwm.
* Puas yog qhov tshwj xeeb pob tshab lossis xim xav tau?
* Puas yog ib qho kev ntxhib los mos lossis ua tiav?
* Puas muaj cov xim uas twb muaj lawm uas yuav tsum tau sib phim?
* Yuav tsum embossing yuav tsum xav txog?

3. Puas muaj cov cai tswj kev cai?
Ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev xaiv resin suav nrog cov kev cai tswj hwm rau koj cov khoom thiab nws daim ntawv thov npaj. Piv txwv li, yog tias koj cov khoom yuav raug xa mus rau thoob ntiaj teb, siv rau hauv kev ua zaub mov, siv rau cov khoom siv kho mob, lossis muab tso rau hauv cov ntawv thov kev ua haujlwm siab, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas cov khoom koj xaiv ua tau raws li cov qauv kev lag luam tsim nyog thiab kev tswj hwm.
* Cov kev cai dab tsi uas yuav tsum tau ua raws li koj txoj cai, suav nrog FDA, RoHS, NSF, lossis REACH?
* Cov khoom puas yuav tsum muaj kev nyab xeeb rau menyuam yaus?
* Puas yog ib feem yuav tsum muaj zaub mov zoo?

Plastic Primer – Thermoset vs. Thermoplastic
Plastics poob rau hauv ob pawg: thermoset plastics thiab thermoplastics. Txhawm rau pab koj nco qab qhov sib txawv, xav txog cov thermosets ib yam li cov lus hais; lawv yog "teeb" thaum ua. Thaum cov yas no tau rhuab, nws tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas ua rau ib feem mus rau hauv daim ntawv mus tas li. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis tuaj yeem thim rov qab, yog li cov khoom ua nrog cov thermosets tsis tuaj yeem rov ua dua lossis rov ua dua. Cov ntaub ntawv no tuaj yeem yog qhov kev sib tw rov ua dua tshwj tsis yog siv bio-based polymer.

Thermoplastics yog rhuab, ces txias rau hauv pwm los ua ib feem. Lub molecular pleev ntawm ib lub thermoplastic tsis hloov thaum nws yog rhuab thiab txias, yog li ntawd nws yuav tsum tau re-melted yooj yim. Vim li no, cov thermoplastics yooj yim dua rau rov siv dua thiab rov ua dua tshiab. Lawv suav nrog feem ntau ntawm cov khoom tsim polymer resins nyob rau hauv kev ua lag luam niaj hnub no thiab siv nyob rau hauv kev txhaj tshuaj molding txheej txheem.

Fine-Tuning lub Resin xaiv
Thermoplastics yog categorized los ntawm tsev neeg thiab hom. Lawv poob rau hauv peb pawg lossis tsev neeg: cov khoom lag luam resins, engineering resins, thiab cov khoom tshwj xeeb lossis cov khoom ua haujlwm siab. Cov resins ua haujlwm siab kuj tuaj nrog tus nqi siab dua, yog li cov khoom siv resins feem ntau siv rau ntau daim ntawv thov txhua hnub. Yooj yim rau kev ua haujlwm thiab pheej yig, cov khoom lag luam resins feem ntau pom muaj nyob rau hauv cov khoom tsim tawm ntau xws li ntim. Engineering resins yog kim dua tab sis muab lub zog zoo dua thiab ua haujlwm rau cov tshuaj thiab ib puag ncig raug.

Hauv txhua tsev neeg resin, qee cov resins muaj qhov sib txawv morphology. Morphology piav qhia txog kev npaj ntawm cov molecules nyob rau hauv ib tug resin, uas tej zaum yuav poob rau hauv ib qho ntawm ob pawg, amorphous thiab semi-crystalline.

Amorphous resins muaj cov yam ntxwv hauv qab no:
* Txo tsawg dua thaum txias
* Zoo dua pob tshab
* Ua haujlwm zoo rau cov ntawv thov nruj
* Yooj yim rau nkig
* Tsawg tshuaj tiv thaiv

Semi-crystalline resins muaj cov yam ntxwv hauv qab no:
* Yooj yim rau opaque
* Zoo heev abrasion thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv
* Tsawg nkig
* Cov nqi shrinkage siab dua

Piv txwv ntawm Muaj Hom Resin
Nrhiav txoj cai resin yuav tsum muaj kev nkag siab zoo ntawm lub cev thiab cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov ntaub ntawv muaj. Txhawm rau pab koj nrhiav cov pab pawg xaiv cov yas zoo rau koj cov kev xav tau, peb tau sau cov ntawv qhia kev xaiv cov khoom siv txhaj tshuaj molding hauv qab no.

Amorphous
Ib qho piv txwv ntawm amorphous, cov khoom lag luam resin yog polystyrene lossis PS. Zoo li feem ntau amorphous resins, nws yog pob tshab thiab nkig, tab sis nws tuaj yeem siv rau hauv cov ntawv thov siab. Nws yog ib qho ntawm feem ntau dav
siv cov resins thiab tuaj yeem pom hauv cov yas cutlery, ua npuas ncauj khob, thiab daim hlau.

Siab dua ntawm amorphous nplai yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob xws li polycarbonate lossis PC. Nws yog kub thiab nplaim taws tiv taus thiab muaj hluav taws xob insulating zog, yog li nws feem ntau siv hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.

Ib qho piv txwv ntawm cov khoom tshwj xeeb lossis kev ua haujlwm siab amorphous resin yog polyetherimide lossis (PEI). Zoo li feem ntau amorphous resins, nws muaj zog thiab kub ua hauj. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis zoo li feem ntau lwm cov ntaub ntawv amorphous nws kuj yog tshuaj tiv thaiv, yog li feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv kev lag luam aerospace.

Semi-crystalline
Ib qho pheej yig semi-crystalline khoom resin yog polypropylene lossis PP. Raws li nrog rau feem ntau semi-crystalline polymers, nws yog saj zawg zog thiab tshuaj resistant. Tus nqi qis ua rau cov resin no xaiv rau ntau daim ntawv thov xws li lub raj mis, ntim, thiab cov kav dej.

Ib qho nrov engineering, semi-crystalline resin yog polyamide (PA lossis Nylon). PA muaj tshuaj lom neeg thiab abrasion tsis kam nrog rau qis shrinkage thiab warp. Muaj bio-based versions muaj ua cov khoom siv no ua lwm yam hauv ntiaj teb. Lub toughness ntawm cov khoom ua rau nws lub teeb-hnyav lwm txoj rau hlau nyob rau hauv automotive daim ntaub ntawv.

PEEK los yog polyetheretherketone yog ib qho ntawm feem ntau siv semi-crystalline high-performance resins. Cov resin no muaj zog nrog rau cov cua sov thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab feem ntau yog siv rau hauv qhov xav tau ib puag ncig xws li bearings, twj, thiab kev kho mob cog.

Amorphous Resins
ABS: ABS muab lub zog thiab rigidity ntawm acrylonitrile thiab styrene polymers nrog lub toughness ntawm polybutadiene roj hmab. ABS yog yooj yim molded thiab muab colourfast, glossy nyhuv nrog ib tug high-zoo nto tiav. Cov yas polymer no tsis muaj qhov tseeb melting point.

HIPS: High-Impact polysyrene (HIPS) muab cov kev cuam tshuam zoo, kev ua haujlwm zoo, kev ruaj ntseg zoo, zoo nkauj zoo nkauj, thiab cov khoom siv tau zoo heev. HIPS tuaj yeem luam tawm, nplaum, sib txuas, thiab dai kom zoo nkauj yooj yim. Nws kuj tseem siv nyiaj ntau heev.

Polyetherimide (PEI): PEI yog ib qho piv txwv zoo ntawm cov khoom tshwj xeeb lossis kev ua haujlwm siab amorphous resin. PEI muaj lub zog thiab kub ua haujlwm zoo li feem ntau amorphous resins. Tsis zoo li feem ntau lwm cov ntaub ntawv amorphous, txawm li cas los xij, nws kuj yog tshuaj tiv thaiv, ua rau nws muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev lag luam aerospace.

Polycarbonate (PC): Siab dua ntawm amorphous scale yog cov engineering resins xws li polycarbonate. PC yog kub- thiab nplaim-resistant thiab muaj hluav taws xob insulating zog, feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv hluav taws xob Cheebtsam.

Polystyrene (PS): Ib qho piv txwv ntawm amorphous, cov khoom lag luam resin yog polystyrene. Zoo li feem ntau amorphous resins, PS yog pob tshab thiab nkig, tab sis nws tuaj yeem siv rau hauv cov ntawv thov siab. Nws yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv dav siv ntau tshaj plaws thiab tuaj yeem pom hauv cov yas cutlery, ua npuas ncauj khob, thiab daim hlau.

Semicrystalline Resins
Polyetheretherketone (PEEK):
PEEK yog ib qho ntawm feem ntau siv semi-crystalline siab-kev ua haujlwm resins. Cov resin no muaj lub zog, kub tsis kam, thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab feem ntau siv rau hauv qhov xav tau ib puag ncig, suav nrog cov kabmob, cov twj tso kua mis, thiab cov khoom siv kho mob.

Polyamide (PA) / Nylon:
Polyamide, feem ntau hu ua nylon, yog ib qho nrov semi-crystalline engineering cob. PA muaj cov tshuaj lom neeg thiab kev puas tsuaj, nrog rau qhov qis qis thiab qis. Muaj bio-based versions muaj rau cov ntawv thov uas xav tau kev daws teeb meem hauv eco. Lub toughness ntawm cov khoom ua rau nws ib tug sib sib zog nqus lwm txoj rau hlau nyob rau hauv ntau yam automotive daim ntaub ntawv.

Polypropylene (PP):
PP yog ib qho pheej yig semi-crystalline khoom resin. Raws li nrog rau feem ntau semi-crystalline polymers, nws yog saj zawg zog thiab tshuaj resistant. Tus nqi qis ua rau cov resin no nyiam rau ntau daim ntawv thov xws li lub raj mis, ntim, thiab cov kav dej.

Celcon®:
Celon® yog lub npe nrov rau acetal, tseem hu ua polyoxymethylene (POM), polyacetal, lossis polyformaldehyde. Cov thermoplastic no muaj qhov ua tau zoo heev, hnav zoo heev, nkag siab thiab tshuaj hnyav ua haujlwm, yooj yim colourization, zoo kub distortion, thiab tsis tshua muaj noo noo nqus. Celcon® kuj tseem muab kev nruj nruj thiab kev ruaj ntseg zoo heev.

LDPE:
Hom polyethylene hloov tau yooj yim tshaj plaws, tsawg-density polyethylene (LDPE) muaj cov dej noo zoo dua, muaj zog cuam tshuam, zoo tshuaj tiv thaiv, thiab translucence. Kev xaiv tus nqi qis, LDPE kuj yog weatherproof thiab tuaj yeem ua tau yooj yim nrog ntau txoj kev.

Nrhiav txoj cai Resin
Kev xaiv koj cov khoom siv yas tuaj yeem ua haujlwm nyuaj, tab sis cov txheej txheem xaiv tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob peb kauj ruam yooj yim. Pib los ntawm kev xaiv tsev neeg ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas yuav muab rau koj feem ntau ntawm cov khoom koj xav tau. Thaum txiav txim siab, xaiv cov qib tsim nyog ntawm cov khoom siv cob. Cov ntaub ntawv hauv online tuaj yeem pab muab cov qauv ntsuas los ua haujlwm. UL Prospector (yav tas los IDES) yog ib qho ntawm cov ntaub ntawv paub zoo tshaj plaws rau kev xaiv cov khoom siv. MAT Web kuj muaj cov ntaub ntawv dav dav, thiab British Plastics Federation muab cov ntaub ntawv qib siab thiab cov lus piav qhia.

Yas Additives los txhim kho cov yam ntxwv
Ntau yam resins muaj cov khoom sib txawv uas lawv paub. Raws li peb tau pom, peb tsev neeg resin (khoom, engineering, thiab high-performance / tshwj xeeb) muaj ob qho tib si amorphous thiab semi-crystalline lwm. Qhov kev ua tau zoo dua, txawm li cas los xij, tus nqi siab dua. Txhawm rau pab kom tus nqi qis, ntau lub tuam txhab siv cov khoom siv ntxiv lossis cov khoom ua kom zoo ntxiv rau cov khoom siv pheej yig ntawm tus nqi qis.

Cov additives no tuaj yeem siv los txhim kho kev ua haujlwm lossis xa lwm yam ntxwv rau cov khoom kawg. Hauv qab no yog qee qhov kev siv ntau tshaj plaws additives:

*Antimicrobial – Additives siv nyob rau hauv cov khoom noj uas muaj feem xyuam rau daim ntawv thov los yog cov neeg siv khoom sib cuag siab.
* Anti-statics - Additives uas txo cov hluav taws xob zoo li qub, feem ntau siv hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.
* Plasticizers thiab fibers - Plasticizers ua cov resin ntau pliable, whereas fibers ntxiv zog thiab nruj.
* Nplaim retardants - Cov additives no ua cov khoom resistant rau combustion.
* Optical brighteners - Additives siv los txhim kho whiteness.
*Colorants – Additives uas ntxiv xim los yog tshwj xeeb cov teebmeem, xws li fluorescence lossis pearlescence.

Kev xaiv zaum kawg
Xaiv cov khoom tsim nyog rau ib qhov project yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv kev tsim cov khoom yas zoo meej. Kev nce qib hauv kev tshawb fawb polymer tau pab tsim kho ntau yam ntawm resins los ntawm kev xaiv. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau ua hauj lwm nrog ib qho kev txhaj tshuaj molder uas muaj kev paub txog ntau yam resins thiab daim ntawv thov, nrog rau cov resins uas ua raws li FDA, RoHS, REACH, thiab NSF.

DJmolding, tau cog lus los muab peb cov neeg siv khoom zoo tshaj plaws yas txhaj tshuaj molded khoom hauv kev lag luam. Peb nkag siab txog cov kev sib tw tshwj xeeb uas ntsib cov neeg tsim khoom thiab cov chaw tsim khoom hauv txhua qhov kev lag luam. Peb tsis yog cov tuam txhab tsim khoom xwb - peb yog tus tsim tawm tshiab. Peb ua nws peb lub hom phiaj los xyuas kom meej tias koj muaj cov khoom siv zoo meej rau txhua daim ntawv thov.